{"id":5499,"date":"2019-02-26T21:27:25","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T21:27:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/?p=5499"},"modified":"2019-02-26T21:30:45","modified_gmt":"2019-02-26T21:30:45","slug":"figures-and-facts-on-the-situation-of-kurdish-kolbars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/figures-and-facts-on-the-situation-of-kurdish-kolbars\/","title":{"rendered":"Figures and facts on the situation of Kurdish Kolbars"},"content":{"rendered":"

The political and security situation in Iran has in many respects worsened in the past several years. This is especially the case with respect to the plight of the non-Persian nations.<\/p>\n

Iran has during the past four decades systematically targeted the non-Persian communities and subjected them to all sorts of oppression and violence, ranging from systematic linguistic, cultural, economic, social and political oppression to forced demographic change as well as forced assimilation.<\/p>\n

The violence inflicted on the Kurdish people by the Iranian state occurs in various forms and contexts. In this report, it is the violence in the context of the economic underdevelopment of Iranian Kurdistan in comparison to the central parts of Iran that is highlighted. This kind of violence manifests itself in the indiscriminate killings of the Kurdish civilians who work as Kolbars (porters), i.e. individuals who carry goods on their backs across the border regions between Iraqi, Turkish and Iranian Kurdistan.<\/p>\n

The economic underdevelopment of Iranian Kurdistan, combined with deliberate and sustained state policy, and the lack of employment opportunities have forced the people of Kurdistan into what in Kurdish is known as \u201cKolbari\u201d (porterage) as a means of survival.<\/p>\n

The Kolbars or porters, young and old, including those that are highly educated, carry goods as heavy as 220 kg on their backs across mountainous regions. In recent years, the number of university students and university graduates have also been on the rise. These university students reportedly receive about 150 to 200 thousand Toman (equivalent of 30\u20ac to 40\u20ac) each time for porterage.<\/p>\n

Kolbars, whom are forced to take up this line of work as a means of survival, face mortal danger, including but not limited to the harsh weather conditions such as avalanches as well as increasing and indiscriminate shooting from the so-called Iranian security forces, as well as ambush and even imprisonment. Kolbars are easy targets for the paramilitary and so-called border security forces, who in fact constitute a threat to the security of Kurdish civilians.<\/p>\n

Figures from various human rights organizations show that since the year 2014, the number of Kolbars killed and injured by Iranian paramilitary forces and the terrorist Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) has increased annually. In 2018 alone, at least 231 Kolbars were either killed or seriously wounded due to indiscriminate shootings from the regime\u2019s paramilitary and so-called border security forces.<\/p>\n

Despite increasing civil protests against the indiscriminate killings of Kolbars by the people of Kurdistan, there is still no real changes in the Iranian government\u2019s policy. In a recent statement, Sardar Qasem Rezaie, an Iranian military official, not only defended the shootings and killings of Kolbars by the regime\u2019s forces, but he also justified the killing of Kurdish porters. His blatant support for these human rights violations and outright support for the so-called border forces\u2019 indiscriminate shootings speaks to the fact that even regime officials have little to no respect to their own domestic laws when it comes to the Kurdish Kolbars. According to Iran\u2019s domestic laws, the use of firearms should only be used as a last resort.<\/p>\n

The international community has over the years remained silent in the face of these human rights violations carried out by the Islamic Republic of Iran against the Kurdish people. The Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI) calls on the international community and human rights organizations to take a firm stance against the Iranian regime\u2019s repeated and ongoing violations of the human rights of the Kurdish people.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nNote. Statistics from 2015 are not available to us.
\n<\/em><\/span>Source: Hengaw Organization for Human Rights.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The political and security situation in Iran has in many respects worsened in the past several years. This is especially the case with respect to the plight of the non-Persian nations. Iran has during the past four decades systematically targeted […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":5504,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[21,41],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/kolbar2.jpg?fit=911%2C863&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p12yuy-1qH","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":5666,"url":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/an-open-letter-to-the-ministry-of-foreign-affairs-of-finland-sweden-and-norway\/","url_meta":{"origin":5499,"position":0},"title":"An open letter to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland, Sweden and Norway","author":"Ali","date":"August 17, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"The PDKI's Foreign Relations Office sends an open letter to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland, Sweden and Norway in order to highlight some of the human rights violations carried out by the Islamic Republic of Iran against the Kurdish people and other non-Persian nations. The letter was sent\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Latest"","block_context":{"text":"Latest","link":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/category\/latest\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/23579.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/23579.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/23579.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/23579.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/23579.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5871,"url":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/kurdish-teacher-sentenced-to-10-years-in-prison-by-the-iranian-regime\/","url_meta":{"origin":5499,"position":1},"title":"Kurdish teacher sentenced to 10 years in prison by the Iranian regime","author":"Ali","date":"July 15, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Zara Mohammadi, Kurdish civil society activist and teacher, has been sentenced to 10 years in prison by the Iranian regime. Mohammadi is the director and co-founder of the Nojin Cultural Association, a civil society association that is focused on various societal and cultural activities, including teaching the Kurdish language and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Latest"","block_context":{"text":"Latest","link":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/category\/latest\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/zahra-Mohammadi-7-1.jpg?fit=780%2C438&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/zahra-Mohammadi-7-1.jpg?fit=780%2C438&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/zahra-Mohammadi-7-1.jpg?fit=780%2C438&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/zahra-Mohammadi-7-1.jpg?fit=780%2C438&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5951,"url":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/47-cases-of-womens-rights-violations\/","url_meta":{"origin":5499,"position":2},"title":"47 Cases of Women’s Rights Violations","author":"Ali","date":"March 8, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"On the occasion of International Women's Day on 8 March 2022, the human rights organization Kurdpa published a report on 47 cases of women's rights violations in eastern [Iranian] Kurdistan in the period between March 2021 and March 2022. The report presents cases of arrests, summonses of women to IRGC\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Latest"","block_context":{"text":"Latest","link":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/category\/latest\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/HUman-rights.jpg?fit=1096%2C626&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/HUman-rights.jpg?fit=1096%2C626&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/HUman-rights.jpg?fit=1096%2C626&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/HUman-rights.jpg?fit=1096%2C626&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/HUman-rights.jpg?fit=1096%2C626&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6470,"url":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/mustafa-hijris-speech-at-the-danish-parliament\/","url_meta":{"origin":5499,"position":3},"title":"Mustafa Hijri’s Speech at the Danish Parliament","author":"Ali","date":"March 4, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"On March 1st, Mr. Mustafa Hijri, the head of the PDKI's executive center, presented the following speech at the Danish Parliament. Ladies and Gentlemen, \u00a0 Since the beginning of the 20th century, the dominant model of state-building in the multinational and multi-religious countries of the Middle East have been premised\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Latest"","block_context":{"text":"Latest","link":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/category\/latest\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IMG_9300.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IMG_9300.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IMG_9300.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IMG_9300.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IMG_9300.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5266,"url":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/mustafa-hijri-regime-change-long-term-solution-in-iran\/","url_meta":{"origin":5499,"position":4},"title":"Mustafa Hijri: Regime Change Long-Term Solution in Iran","author":"Admin English","date":"June 12, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"PDKI leader Mustafa Hijri addressed the Council on Foreign Relations in Washington DC on 11 June, 2018. A transcript of Hijri's speech follows. Due to a long tradition of state centralization in combination with the decisive role of the ideology of the Islamic Republic of Iran,\u00a0the political space in contemporary\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Latest2"","block_context":{"text":"Latest2","link":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/category\/latest2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/img_2968.jpg?fit=1136%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/img_2968.jpg?fit=1136%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/img_2968.jpg?fit=1136%2C640&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/img_2968.jpg?fit=1136%2C640&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/img_2968.jpg?fit=1136%2C640&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5941,"url":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/statement-on-the-occasion-of-international-mother-language-day\/","url_meta":{"origin":5499,"position":5},"title":"Statement on the Occasion of International Mother Language Day","author":"Ali","date":"March 4, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Mustafa Hijri, the current leader of the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI) issued a statement on the occasion of International Mother Language Day. In his statement, Hijri regards the Kurdish language as a central component of the Kurdish national identity and stresses that it is why the Islamic Republic\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Latest"","block_context":{"text":"Latest","link":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/category\/latest\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/photo-2018-05-13-17-30-40.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/photo-2018-05-13-17-30-40.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/photo-2018-05-13-17-30-40.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/photo-2018-05-13-17-30-40.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/photo-2018-05-13-17-30-40.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5499"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5499"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5511,"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5499\/revisions\/5511"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5504"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdki.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}